托福听力推理题方法。托福听力推理题主要考察考生依据听力材料的有关细节进行简单推理的能力。在这个过程中，考生第一需要听懂、记忆和理解材料中的要紧信息，然后进行推理。下面记者为大伙带来托福听力推理题答卷方法，期望对大伙有所帮助。
托福听力推理题解题方法
1. 在做题的时候注意不要过渡判断，步骤最少的判断最接近答案。举个简单的例子：某生活病了，大家不可以说他过世了，只能说他身体不适或健康不佳。
2. 在判断的时候需要基于原文，特别是涉及自然科学的常识，在某一学科某一范围的某一定义还未被全世界的科学家常见同意的时候，大家不可以运用课外之时做出判断。
尊重谈话人的态度和建议是做题的重点。涉及到人文科学的常识，中外分歧更大，大家更要抛弃我们的主观建议，站在谈话人特定的历史角色和看法上，做出符合逻辑的推论。
3. 注意答案选项中是否又被问对象的近似定义或近义词，有的判断答案就是同一定义的替换或延伸。例：
Narrator: Listen again to part of the discussion. Then answer the question.
Professor: Scott Anfinson is an incredible archaeologist and author whose work conducive to the discovery of the indigenous Indian tombs is thought to be a great asset to Minnesota archaeology.
What can be inferred about Scott Anfinson
A: His work is not worthy of any credit.
B: He is an archaeologist with a lot of assets.
C: He has done a lot of noteworthy jobs on Minnesota archaeology.
D: He， as a great archaeologist， donated some assets to protect the local environment.
剖析：1.第一是正确分辨两个词： incredible 和 asset 。
2. 通过剖析A， 好了解到是对incredible 的理解。在这里头脑必须要明确，由于 incredible 中的in不表示 “否定”，与incomplete中的in 不是一回事。特别注意该词的构词法，在考试中常常会出现类似的混淆构词办法的错误选项;
3. 再来剖析B 和D，通过剖析不难得出主要考察对asset的理解。美国人常常把某人当作asset， 即 “人是世界上较大最宝贵的财富”的生活哲学的体现。
4. 综上剖析，不难得出C 为正确选项。 noteworthy 意为 “值得关注的”，正好符合教授话中对Scott Anfinson 的嘉许。
托福听力推理题答卷方法
1、推理题的考察形式：
与IBT阅读一样， 听力部分推理题的题干中常出现infer, imply , most likely 或probably 等词汇。依据OG， 在IBT 听力部分， 每次考试这种题目的数目为0-2道，所以只须注意一些细节和做好笔记，做对应该不是问题。
2、推理题的做题方法：在听懂、记忆和理解原材料的基础之上进行同义替换。
大家来看一个例子：
W: Can I see your license and registrations please?
M: What’s the matter, officer? Did I do something wrong?
W: You were speeding.
M: I was speeding?
W: You certainly were. Do you have any idea how fast you were going?
M: I ‘m not sure, but I was going about 35.
M: This Street is in a 25-mile-per-hour speed zone, you know.
M: It is?
Question: what can be inferred about the man?
A. He was on his way to work
B. He hadn’t realized he was speeding
C. He lives on Elm Street
D. His speedometer isn’t working
解题：听完整个对话，其中关键字语” license and registrations” speeding” “how fast””25-mile-per-hour speed zone” 大家可以判断出这是一个交警和驾驶员员的谈话,故事应该发生在路上,从而可以得出故事的核心问题是驾驶员超速,所以问题问man的状况：通过对整个对话的剖析,大家可以看出A ,C,D答案没提及,可能是正确的, 而B是大家最为有把握的正确答案,由于通过对”I ‘m not sure, but I was going about 35.” 和”This Street is in a 25-mile-per-hour speed zone, you know. “’ It is .“这类句子进行同义替换之后,大家可以很一定B就是正确答案。
推理判断题解法
1补充出没说完的话
有的话没直接讲出，但凭着知识或固定搭配，大家即可顺利猜出下一句，而这一句话就是正确答案。若能顺利理解出这一层意思，答案呼之欲出。但实质考试中，考生的理解总是浮于表面，不可以当场抓住这一层意思，等做题的时候，已经忽视了本来非常简单的答案。
What does the professor imply about the spacecraft Clementine?
A. It sent back the first color photographs of the Moon
B. It was powered by solar energy
C. It landed in the far side of the Moon
D. It flew over the Moon’s polar regions
TPO5-3是一篇比较难的听力，SPA-basin，第2题是一道比较难的判断题。对应的听力文本包含下面一句话。
Um… unlike earlier lunar missions, Clementine didn’t orbit only around the moon’s equator.
翻译：”和之前的探月计划不一样的是，Clementine飞船不只绕着月球的赤道飞行”。
not only···but also是固定表达方法，教授的讲坛只提到前半部分，没讲出的后半部分即判断内容。把没说完的话补充出来，即：Clementine飞船还绕着其他地方飞行，只有D选项表示这个意思。
What does the professor imply when he says this?
A. The students can understand Frantzen's art without knowing about her life
B. The students should pay very close attention to what he is going to say
C. Some of his students are already familiar with Frantzen's life story
D. Some of his students may not appreciate Frantzen's work
这是TPO1-2的一篇听力，第6题重听一段原文进行判断。
I find Frantzen to be a very accessible artist. I mean, some artists, to appreciate them, you have to know their life story, but··· Here’s a little bit about Rose Frantzen’s life anyway.
翻译：我觉得Frantzen是一个很容易理解的艺术家。我是说，有的艺术家，为了鉴赏他们，你需要得了解他们的生平，但···不管如何说，还是有一点Rose Frantzen的一点故事。
分析：“但···”部分没说完，假如补充出来就是“但，鉴赏Frantzen的作品的话，你无需了解他的生平故事”，即正确答案A。
容易见到的固定搭配如下：
1: more than… 不只…
eg:TPO4-5 Moving rocks
2: not only/merely… not just
eg: TPO5-3 SPA-basin
3: most…
eg: TPO4-5 Moving rocks
4: some… some…and others/one
eg: TPO1-1 Rose Frantzen’s wrok
5: would/should/could have 本应该…
eg: TPO8-6 The Periodical Table
2对比信息取反
对比的两个对象可以是不一样的事物，也会是同一事物的不同时期.假如A和B进行对比，A的反面就是B。一般来讲，每个参数完全相反。这个原理，可以运用到托福判断题中。
What can be inferred from be fact that Lechuguilla Cave is no longer forming?
A. The cave has sTOPped attracting visitors
B. The cave no longer contains any limestone
C. The air in the cave is safer to breathe now than it was in the past
D. Gypsum deposits inside the cave are growing thicker
本题有肯定的困难程度，大家来看看听力文本。
And Lechuguilla is pretty much dormant now. It’s not really forming any more. But, there is other ones like it, for example, in Mexico, that are forming. And when cave researchers go to explore them, they see and smell, the sulfuric acid and gases of...er...phew...now, something else, think of rotten eggs. And, it’s not just the smell. Explorers even need to wear special masks to protect themselves from the gases in these caves.
翻译：龙舌兰洞目前已经几乎休眠了。它目前几乎不再形成。但，有其他一些像龙舌兰洞一样的岩洞，譬如说在墨西哥的一些，还正在形成。当岩洞研究者去探索这类岩洞时，他们会看见，闻到硫酸等气体···额，噗，简直要人命，想想臭鸡蛋的味道。而且，不只气味难闻，探索职员甚至需要戴特质面具，保护自己不遭到这类岩洞中的气体的伤害。
分析：这段信息提到L-cave和与之类似的墨西哥cave。But转折说明两个岩洞进行对比，因此笔记应该分成上下两排：
L-cave: ×form ___
M-cave: √form danger/harm
因为两个岩洞进行对比，故M-cave的反面即L-cave的状况，由此可以推出L-cave目前不那样危险。
3正推法
大家需要了解，逻辑推理的过程，一般是premise+ assumption conclusion。Premise是首要条件，assumption为假设，是一般没讲出的premise，只有假设成立，结论才成立。
这个可以根据“三段论推理”来进行理解，即Major premise + minor premise conclusion，assumption就是minor premise。三段论推理是一种要紧的演绎推理。
譬如，所有些植物都是需要水分的，小麦是植物，所以，小麦也是需要水分的。
三段论作为一种思维方法，其包括的三个性质判断一般都是以大首要条件、小首要条件、结论如此的顺序排列。但用自然语言表达三段论时，语句顺序是灵活的，而且常常用省略形式。
比如，口语中常说“这是学校规定的呀”，把它补充完整就是：但凡学校规定都是应该实行的，这句话是学校规定的，所以，这句话应该被实行。
1：Major premise: Tyrannical rulers deserve no loyalty;
Minor premise: King George III is a tyrannical ruler
Conclusion: Therefore, King George III deserves no loyalty.
2：Major premise: All men are mortal.
Minor premise: Socrates is a man.
Conclusion: Socrates is mortal.
3：Major premise: All mortals die.
Minor premise: All men are mortals.
Conclusion: All men die.
大家可以通过TPO3-3的第6道题来看看这种办法是用。
What does the student imply when he say this:
A. He does not like Jean Painleve’s films
B. He thinks that the professor should spend more time discussing Jacques
Cousteau’s film
C. He believes that high quality filmmakers are usually well known
D. He believes that Jean Painleve’s film have been unfairly overlooked
这道题的困难程度虽然不高，但却运用到逻辑推理的一个经典推理方法。正确选项为C。对应的听力文本为：
Student：Well, maybe I shouldn’t be asking this, but if Painlev’s films are so special, so good, why haven’t we ever heard of them? I mean, everyone’s heard of Jacques Cousteau.
翻译：学生觉得：或许我不该问，但Painleve的电影这么出名，这么好，为何大家从来没听说过。我是说，大伙都听说过Cousteau啊。
分析：学生的意思是：Painleve不如Cousteau好，由于前者出名，后者不出名。那样，这句话的逻辑推理过程如下：
∵ major premise：Painleve不出名，Cousteau出名
∴ conclusion： Painleve不好Cousteau好
那样这个推论成立的条件就是：
minor premise：出名的人肯定好。
故学生的assumption假设是：出名的filmmaker就比不出名的好，Painleve不如Cousteau好，由于他”感觉”“大伙都”听说过后者，没听说过前者。“heard of”为”听说过”，即知名度。
大家可以看看教授的回答，就会了解学生说这句话的首要条件是”创作水平”和”知名度”挂钩。
Professor: Well, that’s a fair question. Uh, the short answer is that Painlev’s style just never caught on with the general public. I mean, it probably goes back at least in part to what we mentioned earlier, that people didn’t know what to make of his films – they were confused by them, whereas Cousteau’s documentaries were very straightforward, met people’s expectations more than Painlev’s films did. But you are true: film history is about what we know about them. And Painlev is still highly respected in many circles.
翻译：教授：问得好。简答地说，Painlev的风格压根从来没收到大众欢迎/关注。我是说，至少部分缘由是由于当时的大家根本不了解怎么样理解他的电影，被这类电影弄得晕头转向。然而Cousteau的纪录片却很直接，比Painlev的电影更能满足大家的心理期待。不过，你说的也对：电影史就是大家所了解的/电影史就是名利场。Painlev的电影还是在不少范围备受推崇的，。
分析：教授的话既是对学生”吐槽”的一定，又是不是定。从知名度来看，Painlev确实不如Cousteau，但这并不意味着Painlev没Cousteau好，由于知名度并不可以代表着品质。学生的assumption未必成立，但也有肯定理由。大家还可以从教授的话中听出些许“讽刺”：学生作为一个电影史学生，当然不会从听说过像Painlev如此的电影大伙。像教授如此的行家都对Painlev赞不绝口，学生不了解Painlev是学生的眼界问题。
托福听力中怎么样进行推理判断
1、 考察内容
推理判断题也是托福考试听力中常考的题型。与看法组织题不同，它不是用例子证明所提出的看法，而是通过所给的例子，推出一个结论。
2、 出现方法
推理判断题的题干，一般是如此的：
What does the professor imply when he explains the washing and scraping methods that were used to remove ink from a parchment surface?
What can be inferred about two stars if their spectra have similar spectral line patterns?
推理判断题的题干中一般包含imply 和 infer如此的词。所以，一看到imply 或是infer 就应该想到这是推理判断题。“暗含着什么?”或是“由此可以推出什么?”
3、 解题思路
这种托福听力题型的解题思路如大家所说，是依据所给例子推出一个结论，但在判断的过程中，有一点请特别注意，就是不要过度判断。下面举例来讲：
例1、TPO 15 L3
In the late MiddleAges, it was customary to scrape away the surface of the parchment with an abrasive, which completely wiped out any writing that was there. But earlier in the Middle Ages, the original ink was usually removed by washing the used parchment with milk. That removed the ink. But with the passing of time, the original writing might reappear.
What does the professor imply when he explains the washing and scraping methods that were used to remove ink from a parchment surface?
A. Washing made parchment more able to retain newly applied ink than scraping did.
B. Washing was less effective than scraping as a means of permanently erasing ink.
C. The scraping method was used in the creation of the Archimedes palimpsest.
D. Neither method completely erased the original text
答案 B
文章说呢，在中世纪晚期，用的摩擦的办法可以把羊皮纸上的字迹完全擦掉。而早些时候用牛奶除去字迹的办法不那样有效，虽然当时看不到了，但伴随时间的流逝，被擦掉的字迹会重现。所以，对于想要除掉羊皮纸上得字迹，以便被重新用这个目的而言，前者是更有效的。也就是大家B选项所说。从一个可以完全擦掉，一个过后会重现，推出一个比另一个更有效，这就是一个合理判断的过程。由文章所给的例子和其中所含的信息，推出结论，这就是推理判断题的实质所在。托福听力第三要强调的就是不要过度判断，必须要依据所给的例子和所含的信息来判断。
例2、TPO 3 L 4
What can be inferred about two stars if their spectra have similar spectral line patterns?
And if you were looking at the spectrum of some other star, the colors would be the same. But the spectral lines would break it up at different places, making different patterns. Each pattern stands for a distinct chemical element, and so different sets or patterns of spectral lines mean that the star has a different chemical composition.
What can be inferred about two stars if their spectra have similar spectral line patterns?
A. The stars are approximately the same distance from the Earth.
B. The stars probably have same chemical elements in common.
C. The stars have nearly the same brightness.
D. The stars are probably of the same size
答案 B
文章说一些恒星发出的光谱颜色一样，可是它们的光谱线不同，这就给确定恒星的化学成分奠定了依据。由于不一样的光谱图形对应不一样的化学成分。也就是说光谱图形和化学成分的一一对应性。所以，大家可以判断出，假如恒星的光谱图形一致，那样它们所含的化学成分也应该是一样的。故B对。
这就是推理判断题。题干多半含imply 或是 infer 如此的词。解题是依据例子合理判断，但切记不要过度判断。
托福听力题型有这么多种大伙不要嫌麻烦，托福考试听力必须要把题目种类搞了解再做，如此才更容易让托福听力有个好分数。
